Raspberry Pi Pico

1. 按住BootSel鍵，接上USB，可燒錄韌體。

2. 安裝Thonny可撰寫程式(執行-->選擇直譯器-->MicroPython)。

3. main.py為預設啟動程式。

• VBUS(Pin 40) 是 micro-USB 的輸入電壓(5V)

• VSYS(Pin 39)外部電源(電池)的輸入電壓(1.8V~5.5V)

from machine import Pin

import utime

led= Pin("LED", Pin.OUT)

led.on()

utime.sleep(2)

led.off()

from machine import Pin

import utime

led= Pin("LED", Pin.OUT)

while True:

    led.toggle()

    utime.sleep(0.5)

from machine import Pin

import utime

R = Pin(16, Pin.OUT)

Y = Pin(17, Pin.OUT)

G = Pin(18, Pin.OUT)

R.off()

Y.off()

G.off()

while True:

    #紅燈亮3秒

    R.on()

    utime.sleep(3)

    R.off()

    #黃燈閃3秒

    for i in range(6):

        Y.on()

        utime.sleep(0.5)

        Y.off()

        utime.sleep(0.5)

    #綠燈亮3秒

    G.value(1)

    utime.sleep(3)

    G.value(0)

from machine import Pin,PWM

import utime

led= PWM(Pin(17))

led.freq(1000)  # set frequency

i=0

while True:

    led.duty_u16(i)  # set duty cycle, range 0-65535

    utime.sleep(0.3)

    i+=5000

    if i > 65535:

        i=0

from machine import Pin,PWM

import utime

bee= PWM(Pin(17))

bee.freq(1000)  # set frequency 音頻高低

def buzz():

    bee.duty_u16(51200)  # set duty cycle, range 0-65535 音量大小

    utime.sleep(0.5)

    bee.deinit()  #中斷

    utime.sleep(0.5)

while True:

    buzz()

0----2
| \

1----3

0、2腳連通；1、3腳連通；按鈕壓下時0~3連通

• GPIO輸入下拉式電阻接法：

PIN設定為輸入，啟用內建下拉電阻接地，按鈕另一端接3.3V

按鈕未按下時為0，按下時為1

from machine import Pin

import utime

button =  Pin(18, Pin.IN ,Pin.PULL_DOWN)

led =  Pin("LED", Pin.OUT)

while True:

    print(button.value())

    if button.value() == 1:

        led.toggle()

    utime.sleep(0.2)

• GPIO輸入上拉式電阻接法：

PIN設定為輸入，啟用內建上拉電阻接電源，按鈕另一端接地

按鈕未按下時為1，按下時為0

from machine import Pin

import utime

button =  Pin(18, Pin.IN ,Pin.PULL_UP) #啟用上拉式電阻

led =  Pin("LED", Pin.OUT)

while True:

    print(button.value())

    if button.value() == 0:

        led.toggle()

    utime.sleep(0.2)

• VCC-GPIO40

• GND-GPIO38

• TRIG-GPIO15

• ECHO-GPIO14

from machine import Pin

import utime

trigger = Pin(15, Pin.OUT)

echo = Pin(14, Pin.IN)

def ultra():

   #暫停兩毫秒，確保上一個設定低電位已經完成

   utime.sleep_us(2)

   trigger.high()

   #拉高電位後，等待5毫秒後，立即設定為低電位

   utime.sleep_us(5)

   trigger.low()    

   while echo.value() == 0:

       #建立一個while迴圈檢查回波引腳是否值為0，紀錄當時時間

       signaloff = utime.ticks_us()   

   while echo.value() == 1:

       #建立一個while迴圈檢查回波引腳是否值為1，紀錄當時時間

       signalon = utime.ticks_us()  

   #計算發送與接收時間差

   timepassed = signalon - signaloff

   #聲波行進時間 x 聲速(343.2 m/s，即每微秒0.0343公分)，來回距離再除以2  

   distance = (timepassed * 0.0343) / 2

   print("The distance is ： ",distance,"cm")

while True:

   ultra()

   #等待1秒

   utime.sleep(1)

https://koding.work/use-raspberry-pi-pico-hc-sr04-to-detect-distance/

• Time Delay(右)：逆時針轉到底(最小)

• Sensitivity(左)：敏感度(理論值3~7m)

• JUMP(L):Single Triggle

• JUMP(R):Repeat Triggle

from machine import Pin

import utime

pir = Pin(20, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_DOWN) #為避免“浮動”輸入，使用內部下拉電阻

led = Pin("LED", Pin.OUT)

n = 0

print('啟動紅外線感測')

utime.sleep(1)

print('Ready')

while True:

    if pir.value() == 1:

        led.on()

        n = n+1

        print('Motion Detected',n)

    else:

        led.off()

    utime.sleep(1)

• VCC--GPIO40(VBUS)

• GND--GND

• SDA--GPIO00

• SCL--GPIO01

將pico_i2c_lcd.py與lcd_api.py存放於pico中

import machine

import utime

from pico_i2c_lcd import I2cLcd

i2c=machine.I2C(0,sda=machine.Pin(0),scl=machine.Pin(1),freq=400000)

I2C_ADDR=i2c.scan()[0]

lcd=I2cLcd(i2c,I2C_ADDR,2,16)

print(i2c.scan())

lcd.putstr("Hello\n")

lcd.putstr("World")

函式庫下載

• lcd_api:https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dhylands/python_lcd/master/lcd/lcd_api.py

• pico_i2c_lcd: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/T-622/RPI-PICO-I2C-LCD/main/pico_i2c_lcd.py

DHT11電壓可接3.3V~5V

from machine import Pin

import utime

from dht import DHT11, InvalidChecksum

# Wait 1 second to let the sensor power up

utime.sleep(1)

pin = Pin(22, Pin.OUT, Pin.PULL_DOWN)

sensor = DHT11(pin)

while True:

    try:

        print("Temperature: {}".format(sensor.temperature))

        print("Humidity: {}".format(sensor.humidity))

        utime.sleep(3)

    except InvalidChecksum:

        print("Checksum from the sensor was invalid")

函式庫:

• dht:https://github.com/ikornaselur/pico-libs/blob/master/src/dht11/dht.py

import machine

import utime

from pico_i2c_lcd import I2cLcd

from dht import DHT11, InvalidChecksum

i2c=machine.I2C(0,sda=machine.Pin(0),scl=machine.Pin(1),freq=400000)

I2C_ADDR=i2c.scan()[0]

lcd=I2cLcd(i2c,I2C_ADDR,2,16)

utime.sleep(2)

pin = machine.Pin(22, machine.Pin.OUT, machine.Pin.PULL_DOWN)

sensor = DHT11(pin)

while True:

    try:

        t="Temperature:" + str(sensor.temperature) +"\n"

        h="Humidity:"+ str(sensor.humidity)

        lcd.clear()

        lcd.putstr(t)

        lcd.putstr(h)

        print(t)

        print(h)

        utime.sleep(3)

    except InvalidChecksum:

        print("Checksum from the sensor was invalid")

import machine

a =  machine.Pin(10, machine.Pin.OUT)

b =  machine.Pin(11, machine.Pin.OUT)

c =  machine.Pin(12, machine.Pin.OUT)

d =  machine.Pin(13, machine.Pin.OUT)

e =  machine.Pin(14, machine.Pin.OUT)

f =  machine.Pin(15, machine.Pin.OUT)

g =  machine.Pin(16, machine.Pin.OUT)

p =  machine.Pin(17, machine.Pin.OUT)

a.value(1)

b.value(1)

c.value(1)

d.value(1)

e.value(1)

f.value(1)

g.value(1)

p.value(0)

g.value(0)

• 七段顯示器 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書 (wikipedia.org)  

• 認識七段顯示器

import machine

import utime

k=[0]*8

k[0] =  machine.Pin(10, machine.Pin.OUT) #a腳位

k[1] =  machine.Pin(11, machine.Pin.OUT) #b腳位

k[2] =  machine.Pin(12, machine.Pin.OUT) #c腳位

k[3] =  machine.Pin(13, machine.Pin.OUT) #d腳位

k[4] =  machine.Pin(14, machine.Pin.OUT) #e腳位

k[5] =  machine.Pin(15, machine.Pin.OUT) #f腳位

k[6] =  machine.Pin(16, machine.Pin.OUT) #g腳位

k[7] =  machine.Pin(17, machine.Pin.OUT) #p腳位(小數點)

n=[[0]*8]*16

n[0]=[1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0]

n[1]=[0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0]

n[2]=[1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0]

n[3]=[1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0]

n[4]=[0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0]

n[5]=[1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0]

n[6]=[1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0]

n[7]=[1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0]

n[8]=[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0]

n[9]=[1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0]

n[10]=[1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0] #A

n[11]=[0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0] #b

n[12]=[1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0] #C

n[13]=[0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0] #d

n[14]=[1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0] #E

n[15]=[1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0] #F

for i in range(16):

    for j in range(8):

        k[j].value(n[i][j])

    utime.sleep(1)

• 七段顯示器 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書 (wikipedia.org) 

import machine

import utime

bee= machine.PWM(machine.Pin(8))

def buzz():

    bee.freq(1000)  # set frequency 音頻高低

    bee.duty_u16(51200)  # set duty cycle, range 0-65535 音量大小

    utime.sleep(0.5)

    bee.freq(800)  # set frequency 音頻高低

    bee.duty_u16(51200)  # set duty cycle, range 0-65535 音量大小

    utime.sleep(0.5)    

    bee.deinit()

    utime.sleep(0.5)

k=[0]*8

k[0] =  machine.Pin(10, machine.Pin.OUT)

k[1] =  machine.Pin(11, machine.Pin.OUT)

k[2] =  machine.Pin(12, machine.Pin.OUT)

k[3] =  machine.Pin(13, machine.Pin.OUT)

k[4] =  machine.Pin(14, machine.Pin.OUT)

k[5] =  machine.Pin(15, machine.Pin.OUT)

k[6] =  machine.Pin(16, machine.Pin.OUT)

k[7] =  machine.Pin(17, machine.Pin.OUT)

button =  machine.Pin(18, machine.Pin.IN, machine.Pin.PULL_DOWN)

n=[[0]*8]*16

n[0]=[1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0]

n[1]=[0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0]

n[2]=[1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0]

n[3]=[1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0]

n[4]=[0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0]

n[5]=[1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0]

n[6]=[1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0]

n[7]=[1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0]

n[8]=[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0]

n[9]=[1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0]

n[10]=[1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0]

n[11]=[0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0]

n[12]=[1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0]

n[13]=[0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0]

n[14]=[1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0]

n[15]=[1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0]

i=0

while True:

    for j in range(8):

        k[j].value(n[i][j])

    if button.value()==1:

        buzz()

        i+=1

        if i>=16:i=0

    utime.sleep(0.2)

* MAX7219 VCC pin to VBUS

* MAX7219 GND pin to GND

* MAX7219 DIN pin to digital GPIO3

* MAX7219 CS pin to digital GPIO5

* MAX7219 CLK pin to digital GPIO2

文字僅能顯示ASCII字元

from machine import Pin, SPI

import max7219

import utime

#Intialize the SPI

spi = SPI(0, baudrate=10000000, polarity=1, phase=0, sck=Pin(2), mosi=Pin(3))

cs = Pin(5, Pin.OUT)

display = max7219.Matrix8x8(spi, cs, 1)

#設定亮度，數值 1 to 15.

display.brightness(1)

#清除畫面

display.fill(0)

text="Augus"

while True:

    for i in text:

        display.text(i,0,0,1) # (string, x, y, col=1)

        display.show()

        utime.sleep(1)

        display.fill(0)

函式庫

• https://github.com/mcauser/micropython-max7219

• Raspberry Pi Pico 官方網站

• Raspberry Pi Pico 腳位圖

• 【Pico入門級教程】1. Pico的基礎介紹 - 樹莓派Pico百科 

• Thonny軟體網站

• MicroPython開發環境安裝與GPIO數位/類比測試

• CircuitPython 入門–使用 Raspberry Pi Pico

• Raspberry Pi Pico微控制板（一）：重磅出擊

• MicroPython

• 樹梅派從入門到入魔